Even though the 1860 census schedule does not include "Indian" as a choice in the column heading for "Color," enumerators nevertheless followed the instructions cited in the previous paragraph and recorded more than 40,000 Indians. Although the 1870 census schedule is the first to list "Indian" as a choice in the column heading for "Color," Native Americans were enumerated earlier. Most genealogy guides that address Native Americans in the census incorrectly state that the first federal decennial census in which at least a portion of the Indian population is enumerated is 1870. The families of Indians who have renounced tribal rule, and who under state or territory laws exercise the rights of citizens, are to be enumerated. 1 The instructions to the 1860 census enumerators defined who was to be counted and who was not: Indians not taxed are not to be enumerated. The first federal decennial census that clearly identifies any Native Americans is the 1860 census. Section 2 excludes "Indians not taxed"-those Indians living on reservations or those roaming in unsettled areas of the country. Article I, section 2, of the Constitution requires a census to be taken every 10 years so that seats in the House of Representatives can be apportioned among the states.
#STERLING SILVER FINDINGS FOR NATIVE AMERICAN JEWELRY SERIAL#
of the House of Representatives for the 1st Session of the 52nd Congress, 1891–92, serial set volume 3016)Īn examination of the annual census records from 1860 to 1890 shows the beginnings of the enumeration of Native Americans in the census. This portrait of Governor Blacksnake was accompanied by the date and place of his death. An 1890 Bureau of the Census report on Indians has a few items of genealogical importance.
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